氣力輸送設(shè)備一般由受料器(如喉管、吸嘴、發(fā)送器等)、輸送管、風(fēng)管、分離器(常用的有容積式和旋風(fēng)式兩種)、鎖氣器(常用的有翻板式和回轉(zhuǎn)式兩種，既可作為喂料器，又可作為卸料器)、除塵器和風(fēng)機(jī)(如離心式風(fēng)機(jī)、羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)、水環(huán)真空泵、空壓機(jī)等)等設(shè)備和部件組成。受料器的作用是進(jìn)人物料，造成合適的料氣比，使物料啟動(dòng)、加速。分離器的作用是將物料與空氣分離，并對(duì)物料進(jìn)行分選。鎖氣器的作用是均勻供料或卸料，同時(shí)阻止空氣漏人。風(fēng)機(jī)的作用是為系統(tǒng)提供動(dòng)力。真空吸送系統(tǒng)常用高壓離心風(fēng)機(jī)或水環(huán)真空泵；而壓送系統(tǒng)則需用羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)或空壓機(jī)。

Pneumatic conveying equipment generally consists of equipment and components such as feeders (such as throat pipes, suction nozzles, transmitters, etc.), conveying pipes, air ducts, separators (commonly used are volumetric and cyclone types), air locks (commonly used are flap type and rotary type, which can be used as both feeders and unloaders), dust collectors, and fans (such as centrifugal fans, Roots blowers, water ring vacuum pumps, air compressors, etc.). The function of the feeder is to feed the material, create a suitable material to gas ratio, and enable the material to start and accelerate. The function of a separator is to separate materials from air and sort them. The function of the air lock is to evenly supply or unload materials while preventing air leakage. The function of a fan is to provide power to the system. High pressure centrifugal fans or water ring vacuum pumps are commonly used in vacuum suction systems; And the compression system requires Roots blower or air compressor.

現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng)的貴鉛爐煙灰，經(jīng)收塵系統(tǒng)收集下來集中到煙灰倉，送至圓盤制粒機(jī)進(jìn)行煙灰制粒，制粒過程中，采用二次收塵，避免砷對(duì)環(huán)境的污染。然后采用機(jī)動(dòng)三輪車將制粒的煙灰拉到綜合回收廠分離砷銻，回收銻鉍等有價(jià)金屬。

The precious lead furnace ash of the existing system is collected by the dust collection system and concentrated in the ash bin, and sent to the disc granulator for ash granulation. During the granulation process, secondary dust collection is used to avoid arsenic pollution to the environment. Then, a motorized tricycle is used to transport the granulated cigarette ash to a comprehensive recycling plant for separating arsenic and antimony, and recovering valuable metals such as antimony and bismuth.

雖然煙灰較未制粒前大部分減少了物料的飛揚(yáng)拋灑損失，然而煙灰在制粒、裝車、運(yùn)輸、卸車、入倉過程中仍存在一定的物料的飛揚(yáng)拋灑損失，為減少上述環(huán)節(jié)中的物料飛揚(yáng)拋灑，該公司對(duì)煙灰的運(yùn)輸及操作環(huán)節(jié)提出改為密閉、環(huán)保、降低勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度、減少人員設(shè)置等方面的輸送方式要求，為此項(xiàng)目實(shí)施部門進(jìn)行了研究考察，提出采用螺旋泵氣力輸送的方式。在項(xiàng)目的實(shí)施中進(jìn)行了實(shí)踐。

Although most of the material flying and scattering losses of cigarette ash have been reduced compared to before granulation, there are still certain material flying and scattering losses during the granulation, loading, transportation, unloading, and warehousing processes of cigarette ash. In order to reduce material flying and scattering in the above processes, the company proposes to change the transportation and operation of cigarette ash to a closed, environmentally friendly, labor-intensive, and personnel setting transportation method. Therefore, the project implementation department has conducted research and investigation and proposed the use of screw pump pneumatic conveying. Practice was carried out during the implementation of the project.

該輸送系統(tǒng)安裝結(jié)束后，先進(jìn)行 PLC 控制系統(tǒng)的自調(diào)，程序沒問題后，讓分廠組織老系統(tǒng)的白煙灰 5 噸左右，裝入起點(diǎn)料倉，采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)手動(dòng)操作方式進(jìn)行操作，通過調(diào)試，摸索掌握了各壓力、給料機(jī)頻率、輸送時(shí)間、壓力變化判斷輸送物料完畢等情況。并通過對(duì)目的料倉內(nèi)的檢查及料位數(shù)值的變化，判斷物料已經(jīng)輸送過去，該方式是成功的。然后采用自動(dòng)操作進(jìn)行輸送。

After the installation of the conveying system is completed, the PLC control system is first self adjusted. After the program is fine, the factory organizes about 5 tons of white smoke ash from the old system and loads it into the starting material bin. The operation is carried out manually on site, and through debugging, the various pressures, feeder frequency, conveying time, and pressure changes are explored to determine the completion of the conveyed materials. And by inspecting the target material bin and checking the changes in material level values, it is determined that the material has been transported, and this method is successful. Then automatic operation is used for conveying.

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